Aerial wire-rope tramway.



PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1903..

C. T. FINLAYSGN. AERIAL WIRE ROPE TRAMWAY.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 8, 1902.

6 SHEETS-$33131 L N0 MODEL.

PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1903 (3. T. PINLAYSON. AERIAL WIRE ROPE TRAMWAY.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 8, 1902- 6 8HEET8-SHBET 2.

No. 738,306. PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1903'.v C. T. FINLAYSON. AERIAL WIRE ROPETRAMWAY.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. s, 1902.

B SHEETS-SHEET 3.

no MODEL.

I F HI h u H WcT/i/Z/e 6.36s

PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1903..

C. T. FINLAYSON. AERIAL WIRE ROPE TRAMWAY.

APPLIOATION FILED 012038, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

tzfaoj ne g.

PATENTBD SEPT. 8, 1908..

I No. 738,306.

G. FINLAYSOH. AERIAL WIRE ROPE TRAMWAY. o no a 1 %;ZZZ% 5 411 m'zo'wwNo. 738,306. PATENTBD SEPT. s; 1903.

c. T. PINLAYSON. AERIAL WIRE ROPE TRAMWAY.

APYLIOATIOH TILED D30. 8, 1902- NO MODEL.

6 SHEEN-SHEET 6.

:JUN ITE STATES Patented September 8, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.-

AERIAL WIRE-ROPE T'RAMWAY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 738,306, datedSeptember 8, 1903..

.lnplication filed December 8. 1902. Serial No. 134.420. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.- Be it known that I, CHRISTOPHER T.-FINLAY-VSON, a'citizen of the United States of America,

residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Aerial Wire- RopeTramwaysyand I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention,such as willenable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference beinghadto the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

aerial wire-rope tramways.

My invention relates to a new system for In the practical Y systems atpresent in use wire-rope tramways are necessarilybuiltin substantiallystraight lines and the running rope is placed below the stationary rope.

.-: The. objects of my invention are, first, to .providea tramway systemin which the runr-ning rope is placed above the stationary or trackrope; second, to provide a tramway sys tem in which straight-inclined orspirally-inclinedrand reverse curves can be made in a tramway-line;third, to provide a tramway system in which the track-rope or itssubstitute can be laid in such a manner that the trolleys of the bucketsand the buckets can move in an arc of a circle underneath and attachedto the running rope, as when thebuckets trolleys are runningover reversecurves in the line, as shown in Figures 6 and 7 fourth, to provide ameans by which the bucket and rope connecting clip are connecteddirectly Y to the bucket-trolley; fifth, to provide means by which therope-clip has a pivotal lateral swinging connection with thebucket-trolley that permits the clip-rope to move automatically from oneside of the trolley through a circular sweep of abouttwo-thirds of acircle, as shown in Figs. 3 and 11; sixth, toprovide means for shieldingthe trolleywheels from injury from falling material and ice; seventh, toprovide means by which the running rope (clip-attached trolley andbucket or carrier) will run under or over a sheave as may be re-"quired, making a vertical curve in either direction; eighth, to providemeans for adj ustably supporting the bearing positions of the Fig. 1 isa side elevation of my new tram way system. Fig. 2 is a plan view ofFig. 1.

Fig.3 is an end elevation of Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 is a section of Figs. 1 and 2 on line 4 4.

Fig. 5 is a plan View of my new system as ap plied to reverse curves,showing the manner in which the running rope and the trolleytrack crosseach other. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of Fig; 5. .Fig. 7 is a plan viewof my system roundinga straight curve. Fig. 8 is an end elevation ofFig. -7, showing but a- .small fragment of the large sheave-wheel shownin Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a sectionof Fig. 10 on line 9 9. Fig-.10 is afragmentary side elevation of the fra1ne,showing a modification of themanner of pivotally securing the running-rope clip to the bucket trolleyillustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. Fig. 11 is a section of Fig. 12 online 11 11. Fig. 12 is afragm entaryside elevation of the mannerin whichI preferably detachably secure the rope-clip with a sliding pivotalconnection to the buckettrolley. Fig-13 is a section of Fig. 14 on line13 13. Fig. 14 is a fragmentary side elevation of a modification of thepreferred manner in which I detachably secure the rope-clip with asliding pivotal connection to the bucket-trolley. Fig. 15 is a wideelevation of a fragment of an aerial wire-rope tramway embodying mysystem and showing a side elevation of a single sheave-wheel-supportingtower for supporting the ropes between the terminals. Fig.16 is a sideelevation of a supporting-tower, showing a double sheave for supportingthe running rope arranged to rock or tilt on a pivotal shaft. Fig. 17 isa sectional elevation of Fig. 10. Fig. 18 is a side'elevation of asupporting-tower, showing either a fixed, single, or rocking or tiltingdouble-sheave support for the running rope mounted on a single pivotalsupporting shaft, that extends across the tower and arranged tovertically adjn st the running rope toward or away from the stationaryor track rope, which is supported in a saddle secured to the cap of thetower. Fig. 19 is a sectional elevation of the an}; usting device of thetower for adjusting I track or stationary rope. The stationary rope issecured to terminals, which consist of structuresthat form the terminalends of the tramway-line. These terminals contain a track that connectswith the ends of the terminal ropes and extend around the terminal toform an endless track. The running or traction rope, which is an endlessrope, passes around a sheave-wheel, usually a grip sheave-wheel,-

that is rotatably mounted in the terminals.

' rivets 9.

.I do not illustrate the terminals, as my present invention moreparticularly concerns the character and arrangement of the'attachment ofthe bucket and its trolley to the running rope, which maybe applied tomost any character of terminal. The trolley of the bucket runs on thestationary or track rope and consists of the sheave-wheels 3 and 4.These are mounted rotatably on shafts 5 and 6, which are supported in ahousing or shield 7, that folds over the sheave-wheels. is preferablymade of sheet-steelor galvanized iron., A spreader-block 8 is placedbetween the sides of the housing, the form of which is shown inperspective in Fig. 20. The spreader-block is secured to the housing byAt each endof the housing integral portions 10 and 11 extend over thesheavewheels, forming protecting-shields.

,In the top of the spreader of the trolley I form two holes 12 and 13 atopposite sides. I place in these holes the free ends of the yoke-shapedpin 1 1, which 1 term the clippin. I arrange this clip-pin to projectashort space above. the top of the trolley, so as to .form a short clearspace between it and the top of the trolley.

I preferably secure the clip-pinto the holes by means of a-pin 15, whichI call the locking-pin, which passes through holes 16, that are formedtransversely through the spreader-block and also 7 through holes 1.7 and18,,formed through the ends of the clip -'pin. While the lockingpin maybe entered from either side of the trolley, I preferably enter it fromthe side the bucket hangsfrom. There are a number of ways in which" thelocking-pin can be secured in the trolley to prevent its accidentaldisplacewent I preferablyuse, however, a spring 19 for this purpose andprefer to use a blade or ribbon spring secured at one end to the trolleyand arranged to bear with its opposite end against the end of thelocking-pin. In order to protect the spring and the projecting end Thishousingof the locking-pin against knocks, I arrange a housing 20 aroundthem. 'By withdrawing the locking-pin from the clip-pin and trolley theclip-pin can be raised out of the trolley. I use the clip-pin todetachably secure the rope-clip 21 to the bucket-trolley.

The clip I preferably employ for detachably securing therope and buckettogether comprises two short ribbons of. steel, which form therope-clamps. These ribbon-clamps are preferably spirally flutedinteriorly to fit snugly around each strand of the rope. They arepreferably folded hot around the rope at a short distance apart, andtheir free ends are pressed close together and are inserted into and are'pivotally secured by a rivet 22 in a recess 23, formed in the'edges ofa thin bar 24., that forms a part of the body of the clip. From the bar24. two arms 25 and 26 extend rearward from the rope-clamps, from nearthe opposite ends of the bar, thus. forming an open space between them.The arms end in a round cross-bar 27, that forms the free end of theclip. The cross-bar and thearms form a ring or loop, throughwhich theclip-pin is" placed when the clip is to be secured to the trolley. Theclip-pin is then secured to the trolley by the locking-pin, and the ropeand bar are thus secured to the trolley and bucket. The long transversespace across the top of the trolley under the clip'pin gives theropeclip a sliding self-adjusting pivotal connection to the trolley,which permits the rope and clip to assume any position with a circumfer-. ential sweep of about three-quarters of a circle of the radius ofthe clip from its cross-bar and the clip-pin,the spreading-block and thehousing being cut away on the side the running rope is normallypositioned relative to the bucket, asshown in Figs. 3, 4, 9, 11, and 13.The pendants extend to and are pivotally secured to the ends of abucket, as shown in Figs. 5, 7, and 8.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I illustrate a modification of themethod of removablysecuring the clip to the trolley. In this arrangement the spreadingblockis provided with an upwardly-projecting lug 32, whichis an integral partof it, the center of which is provided with an aperture 3a. The centralportion of the cross-bar of the clip is cut away, leaving two hub-likeends on the ends ofv the arms of the clip, through the center of whicha-.pin-. hole 35 is formed. The hubs of the clip fit on opposite sidesof the lug of the trolley and a pivot-pin 36 is placed through them. Inthe form of attachment the clip does not have a sliding pivotal supportin the trolley, but it has the semicircularly radial swing from one sideto the other of the trolley.

In Figs. 11 and 1.2 1 illustrate a second modithe ring and the top ofthe spreader-block. The clip is formed with hubs on the ends of thearms, as shown and described in connection with themodification' shownin-Fig. 10. Thepivotalpin 38, however, is provided with a head portion39 and its opposite end projects through the adjacent hub of the clip,and a split pin 40 is inserted through it to prevent its accidentaldisplacement from the hubs and loop. This modification provides asliding pivotal automatically-adjustable connection between the clip andthe trolley throughout about two-thirds of the circumferential swing ofa circle of the radius of the clip, similar to the preferredconstruction shown in Figs. 1 and 2. e

In Figs. 13 and 14 I illustrate another method of detachably securingthe clip tothe trolley. In this method I form two projecting lugs 41 and42 on opposite sides of the spreader-block, arranging them opposite eachother, and through the center of their ends I form a bolt-hole 43. Oneof these holes is' smaller than the other and is threaded, and ascrew-bolt 44 is provided with a threaded end and passes freely throughthe lug having the unthreaded hole and extends across the space betweenthem and threads into the threaded hole of the other. A screw-driverhead or any other suitable head is formed on the bolt. The free end ofthe clip for this arrangement may be either like the. arrangement shownin Figs. 1 and, 2 .or may be like either Figs. 10,12, or 14. as

Both or only one of the opposite sides of the spreader block and of thehousing of the trolley may be cut away, as desired, to allow the ropeand clip to move to its lowest practical position, which is as close asit can run without striking against the sides of thetroh ley, as shownin Figs. 9, 11, and 13. The spreader-block and the shield of the trolleyis provided with an aperture 28, in which is revolubly inserted a pin29, which 1 term the pendant-pin, one end of which is upset and sets ina countersunk hole in the adjacentside of the housing. This pin 29extends beyond the side of the trolley, and its projecting end ispreferably reduced in diameter to form a shoulder close to the housing.Upon the projecting end of this pendant-pin I rigidly mount the upperendof the pendant 30 of the buckets, only a fragment of which is shown inFigs. 1, 3, i, and 6.

The pendant comprises two side bars that converge to a V-shapedeastingil, the center of which is provided with an aperture 30*, whichfits tightly over thepin, while the adjacent ends of the pendants aresecured to the ends of the V-sha-ped casting. The outside of theaperture in the casting is countersunk, and the end of the pinis rivetedto rigidly secure the pendant on the pin. I preferably eniploy thismethod of securing the pendant-pin to the pendant and trolley, as itenables thepin to be very firmly and securely fastened to the pendantand gives a firm pivotal sup profile of the ground over which thetramway runs. These towers are provided with sheavewheels, which arearranged on opposite ends of the towers to support the opposite lines orthe iip-and-down sides or lines of the endless running rope, while thetrack-rope is sup- .ported by grooved castings called saddles,

in the grooves of which the track-rope rests. As the track and runningrope of my new system are arranged in reverse order from the.

arrangement of the ropes in the systems at present in use, it isnecessary that a tower having saddles and sheaves especially adapted tooperatively support the arrangement of ropes of my system be providedand that means he provided for adjustably regulating the relativepositions of the track and running rope. 1. preferably carry out thistower feature of my new system in thefollowing manner; a

The tower itself may ,be constructed of either three or four timbers4:5, that,extend upright from the ground and converge to and are boltedto a cross-cap 46. Struts 47 extend from the upright timbers to near theits ends, I secure a casting 48 by bolts 49.

Upon the end. of this casting a saddle 50 is,

formed. This saddle consists of a thin projecting casting, the upperedge of which is curved and provided with a groove 51. This groove isadapted to receive thetrack-rope, which rests loosely in the groove. Atthe opposite end of each cap-casting a standard 52 is formed, whichcomprises two vertical arms 53 and 5&. These arms are arranged to formguideways for a cross-head 55, that is adapted to be reciprocallymounted between them. A cap 56 is bolted to the ends of the arms. Athreaded rod 57 extends vertically up through the cap from below it andis threaded to the casting and extends into the lower end of thecross-head a short distance and is secured is journaled'to and passesthrough both crossheads, although, if preferred, a short separate shaftcould be secured to each cross-head. Upon the opposite ends of the shaftI support either one or two sheave-wheels, depending upon conditionscontrolling the tramway.

TVhereI prefer to use one sheave-wheel to support the running rope, Irotatably mount enea ch end of the shaft a sheave-wheel 6i,

. as shown in Figs. and 18.

When, however,

I wishto use a double sheave-wheel to sup port the running rope, Imountloosely on each end of the shaft rock-arms 62, securing them'upon theshaft-by any suitable means. The opposite ends .of each rock-arm areprovided with short shafts 63 and 64, that prd ject toward the ends ofthe cap, and upon these shafts 63 and 64 I 'rotatably mountsheave-wheels 65 and 66. These sheavewheels and the rock-arms have atilting move ment. The running rope rests in grooves formed close to theflange of the sheaves, and the sheaves tilt as the clip runs onto themfrom one side and leavesthem on the other.

' The vertical sheaves shown on the towers in. Figs. 15 and 16 and 18are used for supporting the ropes on all straight lines; but

when curves are to be made the sheaves must be positioned in horizontaland oblique angles, as shown in Figs. 3, i, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Thus inFigs. 7and 8 1 illustrate a curve starting off from the straight lines67 and 68 and curving around the sheave 69 and ending in the straightlines 69 and 70, while in Figs. 5

and 6 I illustrate a reverse curve.

turns from the side the track is on, the running rope and the trackcross each other, as showni'n Figs. 5 and 6.

In making a straight curve, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the clip assumesthe horizontal position shown in Figs. 7 and 8, as this curve startsfrom the running-rope side of the tramway-line; but in making a reversecurve, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the clip, which is first I in theposition shown in Fig. 8, is moved by the running rope which crosses thetrack onto theopposite'side of a horizontal sheave 73 from the side ofthe sheave 72 the curve started from. Consequently the rope-clip,

whichis in a horizontal position as it strikes the direct straight curveat the sheave 72, must swing to a horizontal position on the oppositeside of the trolley in order that the rope may way-line.

bear on the sheave 73, as the running rope always runs between itssheave-supports and the trolley on a straight portion ofthe tram- Inorder to move the clip to the opposite sideof the trolley, I preferablydrop the trolley between the sheaves by forming a depending curvedportion 74 in the track, as shown in another, as shownv in Figs. 7 and8. When, however, a curve- Fig. 6, deep enough to allow the trolley asit runs from the sheave 72 to drop down below the running rope farenough to permit the running rope to swing over and across the trolley.Then the trolley, as it runs up the depending curve in the track betweenthe sheaves comes up on the opposite side of the clip before it reachesthe sheave 73.

In Fig. 3 the sliding pivotal connection the clip has in' the trolley isplainly shown. This sliding movement gives the clip plenty of room inwhich to adjust itself to lateral irregularir ties and swaying of thetrackand running rope between terminals and tower or other supports, andthis figure also illus'trates the various positions and the fullsemicircular swing of the clip and running rope around the trolley. Asabove stated, I preferably provide for this movement of the clip aroundthe trolley by making a depending curve or sa'g' in the track; but thesame 'thing'can be accomplished by leading the rope upover the trolley,with sheaves positioned in horizontal and oblique angles to raise it upand guide it over the top of the trolley, as shown by the sheaves 75,76, and 77, in dotted lines in Fig.3. It should be remembered thetramway-lines, as a rule, are built down and up steep mountain sides,over gulches and rivers. Consequently curves in the track may be placedin a tramway-line onupward or downward inclines and in all directionsregardless "of the slope of the mountain. Consequently the curves may bestraight or reverse or downward or upward or spiral curves.

This system of aerial wire-rope tramway is 'very simple to construct. Itcontains few parts, and it enables straight, reverse, spiral, andinclined curves of all kinds to be made, thus enabling practicalwire-rope tramways to be built in places where it would be impossible tobuild them in straight lines.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1 In an aerial wire-rope tramway, atrack comprising a stationary ropeand a track of metal or other suitable material interposed in said ropetrack, and a traction or running rope placed above said track andarranged and adapted to operate on either side and to cross above it,substantially as described.

2. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination with the track, thetrolley and the traction-rope, of a rope and trolley-securing clip,compressing means for securing one end of said clip to saidtraction-rope, and a loopshaped pivotal portion at its opposite end, andmeans for pivotally securing said pshaped pivotal portion of said clipto said trolley, substantially as described.

3. In an aerial wire-rope tramway,the combination with the track andtrack-rope and the traction-rope, of a clip arranged and adapted to besecured at one end to said traction-rope, and having a loop-shapedpivotal end at its opposite end, substantially as described.

reason for detaehably securing said'traction-rope to 1 said trolley insuch a manner thatsaid traction-rope can move above and cross over fromone side-of said traction to the other, substantially as described. 1 fa 5. I In anaerial wire-rope tramway, the'combination with a' track, ofatrolley mounted on said track, an endless'traction-rope operfativelysupported above said track and. ar-

ranged and adap clip secured at nin'g rope, a ring or loop boltdetachably se ted topropel "said trolley, a

cured to said trolleyandarranged and ad apted wftdpivotally'secure theopposite end of said elip to saidtrolley, substantially as described 6:"In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination with a track-rope and ametal track forming a continuation of said track-rope, a bucket or loadtrolley on said'track, an endlesstraction-irope operativelysupportedabove said traclfiand. arranged to be guided from one side of saidtrackto its opposite side and arranged and adapted to operate saidtrolley on said'track, a clip seured at one end to said traction-ropeand a detachable pivotal connection" formed between the opposite endofsaid clip and. said trolley arranged and adapted to permit said-gclipand said running rope pivotally swingbve'r said trolley from tially asdescribed,

. 7. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the comone sidebf it to itsopposite side,.substa nbination with a track-rope and a metal trackforminga continuation of said track-rope, a

bucket or load trolley on said trolley, an end less traction-ropeoperatively supported above said track and'arranged to be guided from.

one side of said track to its opposite side and arranged and adapted tooperate said trolley on said track, a clip secured at one end to saidtraction-rope and a detachable, pivotal, sliding connection formedbetween the opposite end of said clip and said trolley arranged andadapted to permit said clip and said running rope to pivotally andsli-dably swing over said trolley from one sideof. it to its oppositeside, substantially as described.

8, In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the com- 'bination with: thetrack,-.ofi a trolley on the track, an endless traction-ropeoperativelysupported fabove said track and means includinga clipattached at one end to said endless traction-rope and detachably securedat the opposite end by a' pivotal connection that willallow said clipand rope tomove in a circular path from one side of said-trolley to itsopposite side, substantially as described.

- 9. In awire-rope tramway, the com bination With a track, of a trolleyon said track, a traction-rope operatively, supported abovesaidtrack, aclip securedat one end to'said traction-rope, a yoke-pinsecured to saidtrolley one end to said endless run-v and arranged to form a loop orring shaped space on the trolley and means for pivotally securing theopposite end of said clip in said loop or ring shaped space of saidtrolley, substantially arr-described.

10. In an aerial wiie i'ope tramway, the combination with the track, ofa traction-rope operatively supported above said track, a clip securedatf'one end to said traction-rope, a loop-sl1aped pivotalend at theopposite end of said clip, a releasable loop or ring arranged on saidtrolley, and. means for pivotallyconnecting the loopshaped pivot end of.said clip to said releasable loop or ring, substantially as described. Ii 11. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination/with a rope orother suitable track, of a traction-rope operatively supported adjacentto said rope, a clip secured at one end to said traction-rope, a pivotalend on the opposite end of said clip, a loop or staplebolt arranged tobe inserted in-said trolley and arranged to pivotally connect thepivotal end of said clip ,to said trolley and arranged in such a mannerthat said clip and traction-rope swing from one side of said trolleyover to the opposite side of said trolley, and means including, a pinfordetachably securing said loop or staple bolt to said trolley,substantially as described. I I

12. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination with" the track, ofa traction -rope .operatively supported above the said track,

the clip secured at one end to the said rope,

and supported with a pivotal end at its opposite end, a loop or staplebolt extending loosely into said trolley and arranged to pivotallyconnect the pivotal end of said clip to said trolley, holesextendingthrough said trolley and the ends of said loop or staplebolt, alocking-pin extending into said holes in said trolley and stapleclip-pin," and means for securing said pin against accidentaldisplacement from said trolley, substantially as described.

1 3. In an aerial wire-rope tramway,'the com- 1 bination of thetrack-rope and track, the trac tion-rope-operati vely supported abovesaid track, the clip secured to said traction-rope, the clip-pinarranged to pivotally secure thefree end of said clip to said trolley,and the spring-controlled pinarranged to detachably lock said clip pinto said trolley, substantially as described.

14. In an aerial Wire-rope tramway, the combination with the rope andmetal track, of a traction -rope arranged parallel with said track andoperatively supported above said track, a bucket or load-supportingtrolley mounted onsaid track comprising a supporting-housing, a pair ofsheave-wheels operatively mounted in said housing and mounted on saidtrack, a pendant pivotally attached to said trolley, a'bucket pivotallysecured to said pendantand a clip secured at one end tosaidtra'ctionerope and arranged and adapted "to have an automatic,sliding,pivotal connec-.-

tion with the top of said trolley that will permit said clip andtraction-rope to swing from one side over to the opposite side of saidtrolley and thus cross and recross said track, substantially asdescribed.

15. In an aerial wire-rope tramway,the combination with the track, of atrolleymounted onsaid track, comprising a pair of sheavewheels, asuitable housing, inelosing a spreaderblock secured in said housing between said sheave-wheels; and shafts secured in said housing andarrangedto rotatably support said sheave-wheels, substantially as described.-

16. In an aerial wire-rope tramway,the combination of a track, trolleymounted on saidtrack comprising a suitable supporting-housing, aspreader-block in said housing, shafts secured in theends of saidhousing, sheaves rotatablymounted on said shafts and adapted to run onsaidtraclqa shaft pivotally secured to said housing and spreader-blockand projecting beyond it on one side, a bucket'or load supportingpendant, secured at one end' to said trolley-shaft and at its oppositeend toa bucket, or load-supporting device, substantially as described.

17. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination with a track, of atrolley mounted on said track comprising a suitable housing, a pair ofsheaves rotatably mounted insaid housing', a bucket andpendantpivotallysecured to said trolley, an endless traction-ropeo'peratively supported above said track; a clip secured at one end tosaid traction-rope, a pivotal head or trunnion or hub' portion at thefree end ofsaid'clip and a loop or ring shaped staple clip-pin in thetop of the housing of said trolley arranged to pivotally attach andrelease the free end of said clip at the will of an operator to saidhousing of said trolley, substantially asdescribed.

18. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination with the track, thetrolley, the pend? ant pivotally secured to said trolley and thebucketpivotally secured to said pendant, of

a staple or yoke shaped clip-pin removably secured in the top of saidtrolley and a springcontrolled pin arranged to lock said clip-pin tosaid trolley, substantially as described.

19. In an aerial wire-rope tramway,the combination with the track, ofatrolley mounted on said track, two vertical apertures in the top ofsaid trolley, a yoke or staple shaped pin extending loosely into saidapertures, transverse apertures through the ends of said clip-pin, atransverse aperture through said trolley registering with theaperturesin said clip-pin, a'locking-pin provided with .an en largedhead end portion extending loosely; through the apertures in saidtrolley and clippin, a springsecured at. one end to said trolley andarranged to bear resiliently at its'opposite end on the enlarged end-ofsaid locking-pin, and a casing or housing projecting from said trolleyand. arranged to-shield said spring, substantially as described.

20. In an aerial wire-rope tramway,the combination-with the track, of atrolley comprising a suitable supporting frame or housing, sheave wheelspivotally mounted therein, a spreader block in said housing between saidsheave whee'ls, vertical holes in the top of said spreader-block,ayoke-shaped clip-pin arranged to extend loosely'into said holes and tostand above .the top surface of said spreaderblock and housing farenough to form an elongated or substantially rectangular slot oraperture between the said yokepin and the top of said spreader-block,means including a spring-controlled pin ,for releasably securing saidyokespin to said spreaderblock, a tractionrop'e "arranged above saidtrack, a clip secured at one end to said rope -having apivotally-arranged terminal portion at the free end of said cliparranged and adapted to be used slidably and pivotally, and to bereleasably secured to the yoke-pin of said trolley, whereby saidtraction-rope is operatively held automatically on either side of saidtrack, and the tractiomrope can move automatically across said trackfrom one side to the other as conditions require it, substantially asdescribed.

21. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination of the track and thetraction-rope with a trolley on said track, a bucket and pendantpivotally supported at one sideof said trolley and a clip pivotallysecured in the central portion of. said trolley to pivotally swing andslide transversely across the top of said trolley, whereby saidtraction-rope has a. radial circular swing of about threequarters of acircle over the top of and about theopposite sides of said trolley andtrack, substantially as described.

22-. In an aerial wire-rope tramway,the combination of a stationarytrack-rope, and a suitable track of metal or other suitable materialinterposed in said stationary track-rope intermediate of its terminalends, substantially as described.

- 23. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination of stationary,flexible track-ropes provided with-curved fixed or rigid tracks ofmetal'or other suitable material inserted in them and connected to them,intermediate of their ends, a'trolleyarranged on said tracks, atraction-rope operatively supported above said stationaryv tracks, andmeans including a clip for connecting said traction-rope to saidtrolley, substantiallyv as described.

24:. Man aerial wire-rope tramway the stationary rope-tracks having atrack of metal for other suitable material bent in reverse curves andinterposed in the length of said stationary rope-tracks, substantiallyas described.

25. In an aerial wire-ropetramway,thc combination of stationary,flexible tracks having rigid curved tracks inserted in them betweentheir terminal ends, and a supporting-sheave arranged above said tracks,and a tractionrope arranged above said tracks and arranged verse curve,a trolley on said track, a clipar-V to said trolley,

teases of its terminal ends, a traction-rope operati velysupportedabove" said flexible track, a horizontallyor obliquely supportedsheave-wheel at the opposite sides of said reverse-curve track at thebeginning and ending of said reranged to pivotally secure saidtraction-rope and a depending curve or sag in said reverse-curved trackbetween said traction-rope, supporting-sheaves arranged and adapted topermit said traction-rope to cross said reverse-curved track and saidtrolley, substantially as described.

27. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination of wire-rope trackshaving reversed curved rigid tracks of metal or other suitable materialinserted in them and forming the trolley-track where curves arenecessary in a tramway line and having said reversecurved tracksprovided with a depending sag or curve intermediate of their ends,substautially as described.

28. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination of two ropes, one atrack-rope, the other an endless traction-rope, said. ropes beingprovided with suitable operative tramway terminal ends, said ropes beingsupported intermediate of their terminal ends by suitable tower-supportshaving said track-rope provided at points where curves in said tramwaline are necessary with rigid metal curved tracks and having saidendlesstraction-rope operatively supported above said track-ropethroughout the tramvay-line and parallel with it by vertically orobliquely supported sheave-wheels, and at the points where curves occur,by horizontal or obliquely-supported sheavewheels, a trolley and bucketoperatively supported on said tracks, a clip arranged to pivotallysecure said traction-rope to said trolley, and'means includingsheavewheels for automaticall Y changing the position of saidtraction-rope from one side of said trolley and track to the other,substantially as described. v i

29. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination in a curvedtramway-line, of a trackrope, a traction-rope operatively supportedabove said track-line by vertically-supported sheaves, a rigid metaltrack at the curves in said curved tramway-line, a horizontally-supported sheave arranged to support the traction-rope at said curve, atrolley on said track, a bucket supported by said trolley, a cliparranged and adapted to pivotally secure said traction-rope to saidtrolley and means including a spirally-curved sag in said rigid metaltrack for said swinging traction-rope to either side of saidtrolley-track, substantially as described.

30. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the combination with a tramway-lineprovided with suitable terminals, of a track-rope, a traction ropeoperatively supported above said trackrope', suitable towersintermediate of said terminalsand provided with a transverse capbearmacasting each end of said cap-beam, a grocved projection on said castingadapted to form a saddle for said track-rope, a projecting standard onsaid casting, a sliding block on said standard, a shaft projecting fromsaid sliding block, a sheave-wheel rotatably mounted on said. shaft andadapted to 3 support said traction-rope,including a threadcd rod forraising and lowering said sheave in said standard wherebytlierelativepositions substantially as described.

bination of a tram'way having a track-rope and a traction ropeoperatively supported above said trackq'ope, suitable terminals for saidtrack and traction ropes, suitable towers intermediate of said terminalscomprising a plurality of uprights of any suitable material, a capmember. secured attire top of said up rights transversely to the run ofthe tramway, a casting secured to each end of said cap, a saddle adaptedto support said track-rope on each end of said casting, a standard oneach casting, a slideway in each standard, a crosshead in each slidewayof each standard, a shaft mounted in said cross-heads and extending fromone to the other and beyondthem, a sheave-wheelrotatablymounted on eachend of said shaft and adapted to support said traction rope and meansincluding threaded rods arranged and adapted to raise said cross-headsand shaft and sheaves whereby said tractionrope may be raised andlowered, substantially as described.

32. In an aerial. wire-rope tram wa the combination of a traciarope anda traction-rope operativcly supported above said track-rope, suitableterminals for said ropes, a suitable tower for supporting said ropes.between said terminals having a rocking and vertically-adjustablesupport for said traction-rope comprising a casting secured at each endof said tower, a saddle adapted to support said stationary rope on saidcasting, a standard on said casting, a slideway in said standard, ashaft projecting from each side of said crosshead, rock-arms end of fromthe ends of said rock-arms, a sheave adapted to support saidtraction-rope rotatably mounted on said shafts, and means including athreaded rod arranged in said standard and casting for raising andlowering said tially as described.

In an aerial wiresrope tramway,-the comsheave-tower support for saidtraction-rope, comprising a casting secured to a suitable tower,

or said casting, stittnda'rd on said casting, a

pivotally mounted on each said shaft, a shaft projecting laterallycross-head rock-arm and sheaves, substan-.

bination of the track-rope and the tractionrope with a rocking andvertically-adjustable a suitable support for said track-ropeof thetraction and track ropes may be varied,

3]. In an aerial wire-rope tramway, the com Gross-head slidablysupported on said stand-- ard, rock arms pivotally'connected to saidcross-head a sheave adapted to support said traction-rope rotatablymounted at each end :of' said rock-arms and means including a threadedrod connected to said dross-head for -adjnstably raising'or loweringsaid sheaves, substantially as described.

, 34. In an aerial wire-rope tramway,the combination with thetrack-rope, the trolley and the traction-rope operatively supportedabove the said trolley, with a clip, comprising ropeolamping bands ofthin ribbon steel folded around said rope, at a short distance apart, 3.

- bar containing in its edge a slot in which said rope-clamping bandsare pivoted, arms extending rearward from the opposite side of said barfrom said rope-clamping bands and an integral round bar or pivotal hubportion .formed at the ends of said armsisubstantially parallel withsaid bar, substantially as described.

I In testimony whereof I aflixmy signature in'presence' of twowitnesses.

CHRISTOPHER T. FINLAYSON. Witnesses:

' G. SARGENT ELLIOTT,

JOSEPH WILKINSON.

